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| By: Nuzhat Mustafa |
Karachi, the largest city in Pakistan, is facing a significant challenge due to the rising temperatures caused by climate change, urbanization, and deforestation. The city's geography, characterized by its coastal location and rapid urban growth, has worsened the urban heat island effect. This phenomenon occurs when built-up areas like cities experience higher temperatures than surrounding rural areas due to human activities and infrastructure.
The consequences of these rising temperatures are multifaceted and severe. When temperatures exceed 40°C, the risk of dehydration, heatstroke, and other heat-related illnesses increases significantly. Vulnerable populations, including children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing health conditions, are particularly susceptible to these health risks. Moreover, high temperatures can disrupt daily life, resulting in decreased productivity, increased stress levels, and substantial economic losses.
To address the issue of rising temperatures, Karachi needs to adopt sustainable and effective solutions. One approach is to increase the number of trees in the city. Trees play a crucial role in mitigating the urban heat island effect by providing shade and cooling the air through evapotranspiration. By planting more trees, Karachi can reduce the temperature and create a more livable environment for its residents.
Another potential solution is artificial rain or cloud seeding. This technology involves introducing substances like silver iodide or salt into clouds to enhance precipitation. Artificial rain has been successfully used in various parts of the world, including Dubai, to mitigate the effects of heatwaves and enhance precipitation. If implemented effectively in Karachi, artificial rain could provide several benefits, including temperature reduction, increased precipitation, and improved air quality.
The benefits of artificial rain can be significant for Karachi. By reducing temperatures and improving air quality, artificial rain could help mitigate the effects of heat-related illnesses and other health issues. Additionally, increased precipitation could help replenish water sources, reducing the risk of droughts and water scarcity. Improved air quality would also contribute to better public health, reducing the burden on the healthcare system.
Dubai's experience with cloud seeding technology provides a valuable example for Karachi. The United Arab Emirates has successfully implemented cloud seeding operations to enhance precipitation and mitigate the effects of heatwaves. By learning from Dubai's experience and adapting the technology to Karachi's specific needs, the city could potentially benefit from artificial rain.
Ultimately Karachi's rising temperatures pose a significant challenge to the city's residents and economy. To mitigate the effects of climate change and improve the well-being of its residents, Karachi needs to adopt sustainable solutions like planting more trees and implementing artificial rain. By taking proactive measures, Karachi can reduce the risks associated with heatwaves and create a more livable environment for its residents.
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